Loose motion or diarrhoea is a significant public health problem in developing nations. Diseases that might induce loose motions or diarrhoea are common in these areas. These countries have limited access to medical treatment and issues with sanitation and hygiene. 

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Most cases of diarrheal illness are due to contaminated food or drinking water. 

Approximately 63% of the worldwide diarrhoea burden is borne by children under five, and it is the second leading cause of infant death in developing countries.

Children under three in low-income nations have an average of three bouts of diarrhoea each year. Every episode prevents the infant from receiving the essential nutrients for healthy development. Because of this, diarrhoea is one of the leading causes of malnutrition, and children who are malnourished have an increased risk of being sick from diarrhoea.

What Is Meant by the Term Loose Motion?

The passage of faeces that are loose or liquid in consistency is diarrhoea or loose motion. Commonly, it is described as three or more loose/watery stools happening within 24 hours or a reduction in the stool consistency.

In most cases, it is a sign of an illness in the digestive tract brought on by bacteria, viruses, or parasites. The most common mode of transmission for these pathogens is the faecal-oral route. This transmission occurs when the pathogens are expelled from the intestinal tract of a sick person and then consumed by another individual.

Why Is the Illness Spreading across Developing Countries?

The Supply of Water for Consumption

It is possible for germs that cause diarrhoea to be spread from one person to another by consuming polluted water. Contamination might occur at the water source, during storage due to unclean packaging, or during taking meals due to the touch of unwashed hands. 

The availability of clean water for drinking cannot be taken for granted in every region of the globe. However, the inadequate or complete absence of potable water is more severe in less developed nations. It makes the residents of such countries more susceptible to a more significant burden of illnesses that cause diarrhoea.

Lack Of Awareness 

Mothers should be aware of the dangers that loose motion can cause their children’s health. Mothers in developing countries are more likely to pass on diarrheal infections to their children. 

The lack of awareness about the significance of hygiene and clean water is a significant contributor to the incidence of loose motions. It raises the risk of children developing diarrhoea in rural environments because of the lack of sanitation and clean water.

Parasitic or Bacterial Infections

Loose motion or diarrhoea is a sign of illness due to a wide variety of bacterial, viral, and parasitic organisms, most of which are transmitted by the consumption of water contaminated by human waste. When there is insufficient access to proper sanitation, hygiene practices, and clean water for drinking, cooking, and cleaning, the risk of infection increases.

In developing nations, the most prevalent etiological agents causing diarrhoea ranging from mild to severe are the rotavirus and Escherichia coli bacteria. There is a possibility of other infections, such as cryptosporidium and Shigella species. It is also necessary to consider the etiologic patterns particular to each location.

Ingesting bacteria or parasites present in contaminated water or food may cause illness. Diarrhoea brought on by germs and parasites during a trip to a developing nation is sometimes referred to as “traveller’s diarrhoea.” 

After finishing a round of antibiotics or while staying in the hospital, a patient may get an infection caused by Clostridium difficile, resulting in severe diarrhoea. 

Malnutrition

In developing countries, children who succumb to diarrhoea generally have underlying malnutrition, which renders them more susceptible to the illness. Consequently, each bout of diarrhoea causes them to be more malnourished than they already were. Children under five in developing countries are disproportionately likely to suffer from malnutrition due to diarrhoea. 

Conclusion

Children younger than five years old in developing countries, where access to quality healthcare is rare, and the cost of such care is unaffordable, are particularly vulnerable to the dangers of diarrheal diseases. 

If you have diarrhoea that does not get better or go away entirely, you need to see your healthcare professional as soon as possible. The consultation and treatment processes may benefit from the expertise of the medical professionals. Please do not put it off; schedule an appointment to deal with it now!